1. The beam pumping unit is widely used and is currently a widely used oil extraction equipment in major oil fields. It mainly consists of four parts: a beam connecting rod crank mechanism, a gearbox, power equipment, and auxiliary devices. The main accessories include a base, gearbox, crank, balance block, connecting rod, crossbeam, bracket, traveling beam, donkey head, suspension rope device, brake, electric motor, etc.

At present, there are many variants of beam pumping units, but the principle is basically the same. They all use a four link mechanism to transform the rotational motion of the gearbox into the reciprocating motion of the beam.

2. Tower pumping is named after the appearance of the pumping unit, also known as reciprocating pumping unit (named according to the motion trajectory), and is divided into belt pumping unit, chain pumping unit, and so on according to different transmission methods.

This type of pumping unit has developed rapidly in recent years and has a wide variety of types. It is generally composed of brackets, chains, chain rollers, roller bearings, braking devices, power devices, reversing devices, balancing devices, and intelligent control systems. Depending on the type, the components may vary.

3. Both types of pumping units are suitable for both tube and rod pumps, which means that as long as the pump is producing oil by reciprocating the pumping rod up and down, they are suitable.

There are no special requirements for oil wells. Oil wells that can use beam pumping units are also suitable for tower pumping units, but tower pumping units are more suitable for wells that require long stroke drainage.

4. The main advantages of beam pumping units are: 1) strong applicability and reliable operation. Low environmental requirements. It can be used from the north to the south of our country. 2) Simple structure, convenient maintenance, and long service life. Due to the simple structure of this type of pumping unit, apart from the high technical content of the gearbox, there are no other high-tech items. As long as maintenance is carried out according to the "cross operation", it generally will not be damaged.

Its disadvantage is that it consumes high energy; Large footprint; Consuming a lot of steel; The dynamic load is relatively large, especially during the loading and unloading process, which has a significant impact on the pipe rod system. For the former, many models of energy-saving beam pumping units have been developed, such as double donkey head pumping units. There are three main areas for improvement: firstly, continuously optimizing the "four link structure", secondly, not optimizing the balance system, and thirdly, improving the motor and belt to improve transmission efficiency. While optimizing, it also makes the operation of the pumping unit more stable.

The main advantage of a tower pumping unit is its large stroke, such as a maximum stroke of 8 meters for a 20 ton pumping unit. Oil wells with high liquid production that require long stroke drainage; Secondly, the dynamic load is small and the operation is stable; Low impact on the pipe rod system; The third is to save electricity and energy, with a power saving rate of around 40%; The fourth is to occupy a small area and save land; The fifth is to save steel.

Its main drawbacks are: complex structure, high maintenance difficulty, and easy maintenance without a beam pumping unit. Some oil fields are gradually phased out after several years of installation and use.