1. Beam balancing: Install a certain weight balance plate at the tail of the beam, which is a simple balancing method suitable for light pumping units weighing less than 3 tons.

2. Crank balance: This is a commonly used balance method in oil fields. As the name suggests, it means installing a balance weight on the crank, suitable for heavy-duty pumping units. This balance method reduces the swing of the pumping unit caused by beam balance, and is more convenient to adjust. However, there is a large load and centrifugal force on the crankshaft.

3. Composite balance: Use both beam balance and crank balance on one pumping unit. Features: When adjusting in a small range, the balance of the beam can be adjusted; when adjusting in a large range, the balance of the crank can be adjusted. This balancing method is suitable for medium to deep wells.

4. Pneumatic balance: Utilizing the compressibility of gas to store and release energy to achieve balance, it can be used for heavy-duty pumping units weighing over 10 tons. This balancing method reduces the dynamic load and vibration of the pumping unit, but its device requires high accuracy and complex processing.